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摘要 感恩可以区分为状态感恩与特质感恩，前者表现为个体在接受某种恩惠时所产生的情绪体验或心境状态，后者表现为体验感恩情绪的心理倾向。感恩的测量工具有两种类型：单因素问卷（如GQ一6）和多因素问卷（如GRAT、感激量表）。作为美德，感恩对个体具有积极心理功能，能提升人的幸福感；对社会具有道德功能，能诱发人的亲社会行为。感恩与幸福感、亲社会行为的关系成为目前感恩研究的主题。未来的研究应进一步探索感恩的结构，阐明感恩的心理效能及其机制，并开展感恩的发展研究。 Gratitude can be divided into state gratitude and trait gratitude. State gratitude refers to an immediate gratitude emotion, or a prolonged mood, and trait gratitude is a tendency to experience gratitude affect. Two types of measures of gratitude have been developed： unidimensional and multidimensional. As a virtue, gratitude has moral functions for society by stimulating prosocial behavior, and positive psychological functions for individuals by promoting individuals well-being. Future studies should be devoted to exploring the structure of trait gratitude, mechanisms of gratitude functions, and development of gratitude.

作者 张利燕 侯小花 Zhang Liyan, Hou Xiaohua （Department of Psycholo~, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 ）

机构地区 湖南师寇大学心理学系

出处 《心理科学》 CSSCI 数据库（2011-2012）">CSCD 北大核心 2010年第2期393-395,共3页 Psychological Science

基金 2008-2010年度湖南省敦育科学规划项目资助（批准号：JYK08BXL004）

关键词 感恩 状态感恩 特质感恩 幸福感 亲社会行为 gratitude, state gratitude, trait gratitude, Well-being, prosocial behavior

分类号 G610 [文化科学—学前教育学][文化科学—教育学]

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心理科学

2010年 第2期

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